冷模鋼一般以高碳為主，以滿足高韌性和高耐磨性的需要。要提高模具的抗沖擊性，必須提高韌性，可選用中碳鋼，再用熱模鋼代替。在冷模鋼中加入合金元素的主要目的是提高淬火和耐磨性。對于耐磨性要求高的磨具，加更多的滲碳體產(chǎn)生原素。冷作模具鋼的使用性能如下：
In order to meet the needs of high hardness and wear resistance, cold work die steel is usually high carbon in composition. If in order to improve the impact resistance of the die, it is necessary to increase the toughness, medium carbon steel can be selected. At this time, hot work die steel can be used instead. When alloy elements are added into cold working die steel, the main purpose is to improve hardenability and wear resistance. For the die with high wear resistance, carbide forming elements are often added. The following several times on the cold working die steel process performance requirements are described:
冷作模具鋼的使用性能，與模具制造周期和費(fèi)用直接相關(guān)。冷模鋼的使用性能主要包括鑄造工藝、鉆孔工藝、熱處理方法等。
The technological performance of cold working die steel is directly related to the manufacturing cycle and cost of the die. The technological requirements for cold working die steel mainly include forging technology, cutting technology and heat treatment technology.
1)鑄造工藝
1) Forging technology
煅燒不僅減少了模具材料的機(jī)械加工余量，而且節(jié)省了鋼材，并優(yōu)化了模具材料的內(nèi)部缺點(diǎn)，如滲碳體分析，減少了有害殘?jiān)纳屏虽摰牟块T狀況。
Forging not only reduces the machining allowance of die material and saves steel, but also improves the internal defects of die material, such as carbide segregation, reducing harmful impurities and improving the microstructure of steel.
熱鍛變形體力低，塑性好，鍛造溫度范圍廣，鍛造質(zhì)量好，鍛造裂紋、冷裂紋和網(wǎng)狀碳化物的沉積趨勢較小。
In order to obtain good forging quality, the requirements of malleability are low hot forging deformation resistance, good plasticity, wide forging temperature range, small tendency of forging crack, cold crack and network carbide precipitation.
2)鉆削工藝
2) Cutting technology
加工后損壞小，磨具表面光滑。冷模鋼的關(guān)鍵是過分析鋼和萊氏體鋼。大多數(shù)切割和加工都很困難。為了獲得更好的切割和加工，必須進(jìn)行正確的熱處理。可選擇表面質(zhì)量要求高的磨具S、Ca模具鋼等元素易于切割。
The wear is small and the die surface is smooth after machining. Cold working die steel mainly belongs to hypereutectoid steel and ledeburite steel, most of which are difficult to be machined. In order to obtain good machinability, proper heat treatment is needed. Free cutting die steel containing s, Ca and other elements can be selected for dies with high surface quality requirements.
3)熱處理方法
3) Heat treatment processability
熱處理方法主要包括淬火、淬火、耐淬火、超溫敏感、氧化滲碳、淬火變形、干裂等。
Heat treatment processability mainly includes: hardenability, hardenability, re ignition resistance, overheating sensitivity, oxidation decarburization tendency, quenching deformation and cracking tendency, etc.
